The leaders of European Union (EU) countries meet in Brussels, Belgium for their two-day Special European Council today (October 1).
On October 1-2, the leaders will discuss foreign affairs, in particular relations with Turkey and the situation in the Eastern Mediterranean.
They are also expected to address relations with China, the situation in Belarus and the poisoning of Alexei Navalny. The single market, industrial policy and digital transformation are also on the agenda.
The recent Karabakh clashes between Armenia and Azeribaijan in the Caucasus will also be discussed by the EU leaders.
The summit, initially planned for 24 and 25 September, was postponed as President of the European Council Michel had been in quarantine.
In announcing the summit on its official website, the European Council has shared the following background information about the relations with Turkey, especially within the context of Eastern Mediterranean crisis:
“The European Council will hold a strategic discussion on Turkey. During the EU leaders’ video conference of 19 August 2020, the situation in the Eastern Mediterranean and relations with Turkey were raised by some member states. The leaders expressed their concern about the growing tensions and stressed the urgent need to de-escalate.
“The members of the European Council expressed their full solidarity with Greece and Cyprus and recalled and reaffirmed previous conclusions on the illegal drilling activities.
“On 15 and 16 September, President Charles Michel travelled to Greece, Cyprus and Malta as part of the preparations for the summit discussions. He also had several phone calls with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.”
Emphasis on ‘Turkey’s constructive engagement’
Charles Michel, the President of the European Council, also sent a letter of invitation to the leaders ahead of today’s summit.
Sharing details about the agenda of the summit, Michel has indicated that “the dinner will be entirely devoted to the situation in the Eastern Mediterranean and relations with Turkey” and added:
“Our objective is to create a space for a constructive dialogue with Turkey to achieve stability and security in the whole region, and to ensure full respect for the sovereignty and sovereign rights of all EU Member States. This will only be possible if Turkey engages constructively. All options remain on the table to defend the legitimate interests of the EU and its Member States.”
Letter by Erdoğan to EU leaders
Ahead of the EU summit today and tomorrow, President and ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) Chair Recep Tayyip Erdoğan sent a letter to the EU leaders. Shared with the public by Turkey’s Presidential Communications Directorate, the letter has briefly read:
“Recently, our relations stand in the face of another novel challenge due to the developments in the Eastern Mediterranean. With this letter, I would like to lay out our approach towards the Eastern Mediterranean and Turkey’s proposals for the solution of problems.
“Our Eastern Mediterranean policy has two main objectives.
“The first one is the delimitation of maritime jurisdiction areas in an equitable, just and fair way in the Eastern Mediterranean in accordance with international law and the protection of our sovereign rights and jurisdiction over our continental shelf. The second one is securing equal rights and interests for Turkish Cypriots over the hydrocarbon resources of the Island of Cyprus, as the co-owners of the Island.
“For this purpose, I would like to emphasize once again that we are ready for dialogue with Greece without any preconditions.
“In this context, I would like to point out that we have supported NATO Secretary General’s initiative for de-confliction among naval and air vessels from the very beginning in order to reduce tension.
“On the other hand, Turkish Cypriots and Greek Cypriots should establish a cooperation mechanism, including equitable revenue sharing of hydrocarbon resources, as co-founders of the dissolved Republic of Cyprus and co-owners of the Island.” (PT/SD)
European Council will discuss situation with Nagorno-Karabakh conflict escalation during special meeting on October 1-2, 2020, Trend reports citing European Council.
Armenian Armed Forces launched a large-scale military attack on positions of Azerbaijani army on the front line, using large-caliber weapons, mortars and artillery on Sept. 27.
Azerbaijan responded with a counter-offensive along the entire front. As a result of retaliation, Azerbajiani troops managed to liberate the territories previously occupied by Armenia: Garakhanbeyli, Garvend, Kend Horadiz, Yukhari, Ashagi Abdulrahmanli villages (Fuzuli district), Boyuk Marjanli and Nuzgar villages (Jabrayil district).
Moreover, the positions of the Armenian Armed Forces were destroyed in the direction of Azerbaijan’s Agdere district and Murovdag, important heights were taken under control.
Military actions continued on Sept. 29. Azerbaijani army was able to destroy several tanks of the Armenian Armed Forces, as well as several key military facilities.
Azerbaijan’s Dashkesan district underwent fire on the same day from the opposing forces, while Azerbaijani Armed Forces continued military actions on Sept. 29 to liberate the city of Fuzuli from occupation.
According to a statement from Azerbaijan’s Defense Ministry, the Armenian armed forces have suffered heavy losses along the entire front line from Sept. 27 through Sept. 30, including tanks, armored vehicles, artillery installations, rocket launch systems, as well as command and observation posts, air defense systems, etc.
Back in July 2020, Armenian Armed Forces violated the ceasefire in the direction of Azerbaijan’s Tovuz district. As a result of Azerbaijan’s retaliation, the opposing forces were silenced. The fighting continued the following days as well. Azerbaijan lost a number of military personnel members, who died fighting off the attacks of the Armenian armed forces.
The conflict between the two South Caucasus countries began in 1988 when Armenia made territorial claims against Azerbaijan. As a result of the ensuing war, Armenian armed forces occupied 20 percent of Azerbaijan, including the Nagorno-Karabakh region and seven surrounding districts.
The 1994 ceasefire agreement was followed by peace negotiations. Armenia has not yet implemented four UN Security Council resolutions on the withdrawal of its armed forces from Nagorno Karabakh and the surrounding districts.
Workers prepare the stage for the first presidential debate between U.S. President Donald Trump and Democratic presidential nominee Joe Biden at Case Western Reserve University and the Cleveland Clinic on September 28, 2020 in Cleveland, Ohio. The first presidential debate will be held tomorrow in Cleveland, Ohio. | Scott Olson/Getty Images
The first of three scheduled presidential debates took place last night at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio.
Chris Wallace of Fox News moderated the event, which took place over 90 minutes in six 15-minute blocks. President Trump and Vice President Biden were asked about their records, the Supreme Court, COVID-19, the economy, race and violence in our cities, and the integrity of the election.
The debate was contentious from the beginning, with each candidate contradicting the other repeatedly throughout. Fox News is calling the debate “fiery”; CNN describes it as “rancorous and chaotic.” According to USA Today, it was “one of the most chaotic, insult-laden presidential debates in modern history.”
How Richard Nixon’s suit affected the 1960 election
Before last night, more than 70% of Americans said the debate wouldn’t matter much to them. Fewer people than at any time since 2000 consider debates important to deciding how they will vote.
However, televised presidential debates have been changing history since 1960, when Richard Nixon’s light gray suit blended into the background on black-and-white television and his opponent, Sen. John Kennedy, began the ascendancy that led to his eventual victory.
Ronald Reagan’s memorable response in 1984 to a question about his age (“I am not going to exploit for political purposes my opponent’s youth and inexperience”) led to his easy reelection. President Ford’s insistence that “there is no Soviet domination of Eastern Europe” may have contributed to his loss in 1976; Ronald Reagan’s clear dominance of his debate with President Carter in 1980 likely contributed to his landslide victory.
The contentious nature of last night’s debate reflects the contentious nature of our culture. Our politics are locked in a zero-sum game: abortion is legal or it is not; LGBTQ rights and sexual liberty take precedence over religious liberty or they do not. More than ever before, Republicans and Democrats both consider the other side to be “brainwashed,” “hateful,” and “racist.”
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Why these are good days for compassion and love
In the midst of such political animosity, let’s gain a larger perspective.
The world passed one million confirmed coronavirus deaths on Monday, losing 3,819 lives per day since the start of the year (by comparison: 2,977 people were killed on 9/11). It has been estimated that the US has lost two million “years of life” from early deaths due to the pandemic. Dr. Anthony Fauci is warning Americans to prepare for a second wave of COVID-19 this fall.
In other news, one of the largest medical cyberattacks in US history occurred last weekend. Multiple people died during a hostage situation in Oregon on Monday. A priest in China was reportedly abducted and tortured for refusing to join the government-controlled Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association.
And a Texas pastor and his wife were killed when a driver crossed into their lane and struck their vehicle head-on. Their three small children survived.
I took you through these stories to make two related points.
One: Every day’s news reminds us that ours is a broken world. Many people are suffering in ways that far transcend political divisions. And such divisiveness is nothing new in America. We are fallen people living in a fallen culture.
Two: Tragedy and hatred are opportunities for compassion and love. The more acrimonious our country becomes, the more urgent and powerful our ministry becomes.
Let’s close by focusing on this fact.
‘What is the invitation of God in your fear?’
Not in my lifetime have I seen an election this intense, with supporters on each side convinced that our nation’s future depends on their candidate’s victory. We can and must vote, pray, and speak biblical truth to the issues of the day.
But it is vital to remember that God measures success not by outcomes in our world but by obedience to his word.
When Jeremiah warned his people not to flee to Egypt (Jeremiah 42), they “did not obey the voice of the Lord” (Jeremiah 43:7) and in fact forced the prophet to go with them (v. 6). This was not the outcome he wanted, but Jeremiah’s obedience resonates still today.
In fact, fear of failure can be reframed as an opportunity for greater faith.
Writing for the Society of St. John the Evangelist in Boston, Curtis Almquist notes: “Fear is not a sign of the absence of God. In our fear we rather find the bidding presence of God. Our fear most often arises out of something that is bigger than we are, and we find that in and of ourselves, there isn’t enough—not enough energy, or patience, or hope, or encouragement, or provision. We come up short.
“Where is God in your fear? What is the invitation from God in your fear?”
Greece: More than 160 Greek and international organizations, academics and other actors from all over Europe urge the Greek authorities to revoke decision to close dignified alternatives in accommodating refugees οn Lesvos [EN/EL]
We, the undersigned, call on the Minister of Migration and Asylum, Notis Mitarakis, and the local authorities of Lesvos to repeal their decision to terminate the operations of PIKPA and Kara Tepe facilities for vulnerable asylum seekers on the island of Lesvos. The authorities should not only revoke the decision to shut down these facilities, but in this time of great need, they should further strengthen and protect all dignified alternative solutions for asylum seekers’ housing and protection.
In the last five years, PIKPA and Kara Tepe have sheltered vulnerable people escaping from the deplorable living conditions in the Reception and Identification Center (RIC) of Moria, a dangerous place where residents’ health and safety was continuously in jeopardy. The decision to shut down these facilities comes only a few days after a devastating series of blazes burned camp Moria to the ground, leaving more than 12.000 women, men and children with no access to shelter, food and water.
While a new “emergency” camp has been set up on the island, which is currently hosting former residents of Moria camp, many of the signatories present on the ground report significant gaps in protection, access to electricity, water supply and sanitation, safety and security. For as long as the conditions in the RICs are undignified for human beings, alternative responses will be needed, to protect the most vulnerable. PIKPA and Kara Tepe should now by all means continue to offer accommodation and protection solutions that are appropriate, especially for the most vulnerable, including unaccompanied and separated children, single mothers, victims of torture and ill treatment, male and female survivors of gender-based and sexual violence, and people with disabilities.
PIKPA, an open, self-organised solidarity space, has provided essential services and assistance to refugees on Lesvos since 2012. In 2016, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), awarded the Nansen Refugee Award to one of the co-founders of PIKPA, in recognition of their work saving lives and providing a safe haven for the most vulnerable during the refugee ‘crisis’ in 2015. Today, PIKPA hosts unaccompanied children, single mothers and persons that have suffered torture or ill treatment, as well as many people with heightened vulnerabilities. Survivors of torture and ill treatment suffer from chronic physical pain for years after their abuse, and psychological symptoms such as anxiety, depression, withdrawal and self-isolation, post traumatic stress, known as PTSD etc. PIKPA offers a dignified and safe space for the survivors who would otherwise be continuously re-traumatized in an unsafe environment. Kara Tepe has been run by the municipality with a capacity of more than 1,000 people. It has offered humane living conditions to vulnerable asylum seekers and families that were transferred there from Moria, including single parents, people with disabilities, and many families with health problems. It has been lauded for its infrastructure and community-like atmosphere. While it is unclear where current residents of PIKPA and Kara Tepe will be transferred, the undersigned are convinced that going to the new “emergency” camp would endanger their physical and mental health and should be avoided at all costs. In addition, PIKPA and Kara Tepe could actually take in and better provide for the individuals who are more “at-risk” currently residing in the new Lesvos RIC. This would be especially important for people with disabilities, for example, as there are no accessible latrines in the new RIC at this time.
We urge Greece’s national and local authorities: To immediately halt the closure of PIKPA and Kara Tepe and to support and further enhance their outstanding contributions. At the same time the authorities should seek solutions in line with human rights standards for the operation of the new temporary camp in Lesvos, pursuing the ultimate goal of its steady decongestion, and providing adequate standards in terms of safety, water, sanitation and medical assistance to all residents, until all are moved to safer and dignified accommodation conditions”.
The signatories: A Buon Diritto Onlus ActionAid Hellas Agir pour la paix Aid Brigade AITIMA Amnesty International Anders Wachsen ANTIGONE – Information and Documentation Centre on Racism, Ecology, Peace and Non Violence Are You Syrious (AYS) ARSIS – Association for the Social Support of Youth Asociacion Pro Derechos Humanos de Andalucia (APDHA) Asociación SINGA España Association européenne de défense des droits de l’Homme (AEDH) Babel Day Centre Basta Violenza alle Frontiere Be a Robin Better Days borderline-europe e.V. Calais Action Brighton Casetta Rossa Catch a Smile asbl Centre Avec asbl Centre de formation Bienenberg Changemakers Lab Choosehumanity Chorleywood4Refugees Christian Peacemaker Teams Christian Peacemaker Teams Netherlands Church and Peace Coexistence and Communication in the Aegean Collectif de soutien de l’EHESS aux sans-papiers et aux migrant-es Collectif pour une terre plus humaine Collective Aid Comité de Solidarité avec le Peuple Grèce de Lyon Coordindora de Barrios CPT – Aegean Migrant Solidarity CRIBS International CRID – Centre de recherche et d’information pour le développement Diotima Danish Refugee Council (DRC) Defence for Children International Defence for Children International – Italy Defence for Children International – Netherlands Defence for Children International Greece Defensa de Niñas y Niños – Internacional , DNIEspaña Défense des enfants International Belgique Député Wallon (Belgique) Destination Unknown campaign Distribute Aid Doctors Worldwide Donate4Refugees ECHO for Refugees ECHO100PLUS Ecological Movement of Thessaloniki European Institute for Progressive Cultural Policies ELIX – Conservation Volunteers Greece ENAR – European Network Against Racism ENOUGH IS ENOUGH – rehabilitate Human Dignity European Women’s Lobby Everyday, just a smile Fenix – Humanitarian Legal Aid Firetree Philanthropy Firetree Trust Fondation Danielle Mitterrand foodKIND FORGE for humanity Fresh Response Friends Of Refugees German Mennonite Peace Committee Glocal Roots Greek Council for Refugees Greek Helsinki Monitor Griechenland Solidaritätskomitee Köln Heimatstern e.V. Hello My Friend Help Refugees / Choose Love Herts for Refugees HIAS Greece HIGGS Hoffnung leben e.V., Bonn, Deutschland Hope and Aid Direct HuBB – Humans Before Borders Human Rights Watch Humanitas, Centre for Global Education and Cooperation Humanity Now HumanRights360 Initiative for an alternative mental health Initiative for the Detainees’ Rights InterEuropean Human Aid Association International Centre for Refugees ICERAS International Federation of Social Workers, European Region (IFSW Europe) International Rescue Committee INTERSOS InterVolve Iride Jelscha Dietrich Jesuit Refugee Service Greece Khora Community Centre La Luna Di Vasilika ONLUS Latitude Adjustment Podcast Le Paria Legal Centre Lesvos Lesvos Solidarity Love Welcomes Make Mothers Matter MAMbrella Medecins du Monde/ Greece Medecins Sans Frontieres -Doctors Without Borders -MSF Medico International Melissa: Network of Migrant Women in Greece Mennonite Mission Network Mennonitisches Friedenszentrum Berlin/Mennonite Peace Center Berlin Migrant Voice Migrations Libres MiGreat Mαζί/Together/معاً Network for Children’s Rights One Family-No Borders One Happy Family ONGD CEPAC-IB Open Cultural Center Organization Earth Owl’s Watch Pampiraiki Support Initiative for Refugees & Migrants Parroquia San Carlos Borromeo Peaceful Borders People in motion Pluspunt Netherlands Project Armonia Protestant Association for Conscientious Objectors and Peace (EAK), Germany Rechtsanwältin Refugee Aid Network Uk Refugee Compassion Refugee Education And Learning International Refugee Law Clinic Berlin e.V. Refugee Rescue Refugee Support Aegean ( R.S.A.) Refugee Support Europe Refugee Trauma Initiative Refugee Youth Service Refugees International REFUGYM RefuNet Reseau Foi & Justice Afrique Europe Antenne France Respekt für Griechenland e.V. Rethinking Refugees – Knowledge and Action Safe Passage UK SAO Association for displaced women Seebruecke Wuppertal ShowerPower Foundation Side by Side Refugees SolidarityNow Still I Rise Stop Precarite Support Art Workers (Greece) Symbiosis-School of Political Studies in Greece Terre des hommes Hellas Thalassa of Solidarity Vasilika Moon Velos Youth Verein FAIR Voice Of Ezidis Wiltshire For Refugees Yoga and Sport For Refugees Youth for Refugees Youth organization “Protests”
Also endorsed by:
• Prof. dr. Ilse Derluyn, Centre for the Social Study of Migration and Refugees (CESSMIR), Department of Social Work and Social Pedagogy
• Vassilis Pavlopoulos, Associate Professor of Cross-Cultural Psychology – National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
• Dr. Antonello D’Elia, Presidente di Società Italiana di Psichiatria Democratica Onlus
• Hellen Gerolymatos McDonald, Licensed Clinical Social Worker, MSW, Clinical Associate Professor, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, School of Social Work, U.S.A (The opinions are Hellen McDonald’s and not those of the University of Illinois)
• Luciano Rondine, Settore immigrazione e inclusione sociale, Centro di prevenzione psicosociale Nodo Sankara
• Joanna Kato, chair of Human Rights & Social Responsibility Committee of the European Association for Gestalt Therapy (EAGT)
• Athina Fragkouli, President of the Board of the Society of Social Psychiatry P. Sakellaropoulos
Lesvos: More than 160 Greek and international organizations, urge Greek authorities to revoke decision to close dignified alternatives in accommodating refugees οn Lesvos
We, the undersigned, call on the Minister of Migration and Asylum, Notis Mitarakis, and the local authorities of Lesvos to repeal their decision to terminate the operations of PIKPA and Kara Tepe facilities for vulnerable asylum seekers on the island of Lesvos. The authorities should not only revoke the decision to shut down these facilities, but in this time of great need, they should further strengthen and protect all dignified alternative solutions for asylum seekers’ housing and protection.
In the last five years, PIKPA and Kara Tepe have sheltered vulnerable people escaping from the deplorable living conditions in the Reception and Identification Center (RIC) of Moria, a dangerous place where residents’ health and safety was continuously in jeopardy. The decision to shut down these facilities comes only a few days after a devastating series of blazes burned camp Moria to the ground, leaving more than 12.000 women, men and children with no access to shelter, food and water.
While a new “emergency” camp has been set up on the island, which is currently hosting former residents of Moria camp, many of the signatories present on the ground report significant gaps in protection, access to electricity, water supply and sanitation, safety and security. For as long as the conditions in the RICs are undignified for human beings, alternative responses will be needed, to protect the most vulnerable. PIKPA and Kara Tepe should now by all means continue to offer accommodation and protection solutions that are appropriate, especially for the most vulnerable, including unaccompanied and separated children, single mothers, victims of torture and ill treatment, male and female survivors of gender-based and sexual violence, and people with disabilities.
PIKPA, an open, self-organised solidarity space, has provided essential services and assistance to refugees on Lesvos since 2012. In 2016, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), awarded the Nansen Refugee Award to one of the co-founders of PIKPA, in recognition of their work saving lives and providing a safe haven for the most vulnerable during the refugee ‘crisis’ in 2015. Today, PIKPA hosts unaccompanied children, single mothers and persons that have suffered torture or ill treatment, as well as many people with heightened vulnerabilities. Survivors of torture and ill treatment suffer from chronic physical pain for years after their abuse, and psychological symptoms such as anxiety, depression, withdrawal and self-isolation, post traumatic stress, known as PTSD etc. PIKPA offers a dignified and safe space for the survivors who would otherwise be continuously re-traumatized in an unsafe environment. Kara Tepe has been run by the municipality with a capacity of more than 1,000 people. It has offered humane living conditions to vulnerable asylum seekers and families that were transferred there from Moria, including single parents, people with disabilities, and many families with health problems. It has been lauded for its infrastructure and community-like atmosphere. While it is unclear where current residents of PIKPA and Kara Tepe will be transferred, the undersigned are convinced that going to the new “emergency” camp would endanger their physical and mental health and should be avoided at all costs. In addition, PIKPA and Kara Tepe could actually take in and better provide for the individuals who are more “at-risk” currently residing in the new Lesvos RIC. This would be especially important for people with disabilities, for example, as there are no accessible latrines in the new RIC at this time.
We urge Greece’s national and local authorities: To immediately halt the closure of PIKPA and Kara Tepe and to support and further enhance their outstanding contributions. At the same time the authorities should seek solutions in line with human rights standards for the operation of the new temporary camp in Lesvos, pursuing the ultimate goal of its steady decongestion, and providing adequate standards in terms of safety, water, sanitation and medical assistance to all residents, until all are moved to safer and dignified accommodation conditions”.
The signatories: A Buon Diritto Onlus ActionAid Hellas Agir pour la paix Aid Brigade AITIMA Amnesty International Anders Wachsen ANTIGONE – Information and Documentation Centre on Racism, Ecology, Peace and Non Violence Are You Syrious (AYS) ARSIS – Association for the Social Support of Youth Asociacion Pro Derechos Humanos de Andalucia (APDHA) Asociación SINGA España Association européenne de défense des droits de l’Homme (AEDH) Babel Day Centre Basta Violenza alle Frontiere Be a Robin Better Days borderline-europe e.V. Calais Action Brighton Casetta Rossa Catch a Smile asbl Centre Avec asbl Centre de formation Bienenberg Changemakers Lab Choosehumanity Chorleywood4Refugees Christian Peacemaker Teams Christian Peacemaker Teams Netherlands Church and Peace Coexistence and Communication in the Aegean Collectif de soutien de l’EHESS aux sans-papiers et aux migrant-es Collectif pour une terre plus humaine Collective Aid Comité de Solidarité avec le Peuple Grèce de Lyon Coordindora de Barrios CPT – Aegean Migrant Solidarity CRIBS International CRID – Centre de recherche et d’information pour le développement Diotima Danish Refugee Council (DRC) Defence for Children International Defence for Children International – Italy Defence for Children International – Netherlands Defence for Children International Greece Defensa de Niñas y Niños – Internacional , DNIEspaña Défense des enfants International Belgique Député Wallon (Belgique) Destination Unknown campaign Distribute Aid Doctors Worldwide Donate4Refugees ECHO for Refugees ECHO100PLUS Ecological Movement of Thessaloniki European Institute for Progressive Cultural Policies ELIX – Conservation Volunteers Greece ENAR – European Network Against Racism ENOUGH IS ENOUGH – rehabilitate Human Dignity European Women’s Lobby Everyday, just a smile Fenix – Humanitarian Legal Aid Firetree Philanthropy Firetree Trust Fondation Danielle Mitterrand foodKIND FORGE for humanity Fresh Response Friends Of Refugees German Mennonite Peace Committee Glocal Roots Greek Council for Refugees Greek Helsinki Monitor Griechenland Solidaritätskomitee Köln Heimatstern e.V. Hello My Friend Help Refugees / Choose Love Herts for Refugees HIAS Greece HIGGS Hoffnung leben e.V., Bonn, Deutschland Hope and Aid Direct HuBB – Humans Before Borders Human Rights Watch Humanitas, Centre for Global Education and Cooperation Humanity Now HumanRights360 Initiative for an alternative mental health Initiative for the Detainees’ Rights InterEuropean Human Aid Association International Centre for Refugees ICERAS International Federation of Social Workers, European Region (IFSW Europe) International Rescue Committee INTERSOS InterVolve Iride Jelscha Dietrich Jesuit Refugee Service Greece Khora Community Centre La Luna Di Vasilika ONLUS Latitude Adjustment Podcast Le Paria Legal Centre Lesvos Lesvos Solidarity Love Welcomes Make Mothers Matter MAMbrella Medecins du Monde/ Greece Medecins Sans Frontieres -Doctors Without Borders -MSF Medico International Melissa: Network of Migrant Women in Greece Mennonite Mission Network Mennonitisches Friedenszentrum Berlin/Mennonite Peace Center Berlin Migrant Voice Migrations Libres MiGreat Mαζί/Together/معاً Network for Children’s Rights One Family-No Borders One Happy Family ONGD CEPAC-IB Open Cultural Center Organization Earth Owl’s Watch Pampiraiki Support Initiative for Refugees & Migrants Parroquia San Carlos Borromeo Peaceful Borders People in motion Pluspunt Netherlands Project Armonia Protestant Association for Conscientious Objectors and Peace (EAK), Germany Rechtsanwältin Refugee Aid Network Uk Refugee Compassion Refugee Education And Learning International Refugee Law Clinic Berlin e.V. Refugee Rescue Refugee Support Aegean ( R.S.A.) Refugee Support Europe Refugee Trauma Initiative Refugee Youth Service Refugees International REFUGYM RefuNet Reseau Foi & Justice Afrique Europe Antenne France Respekt für Griechenland e.V. Rethinking Refugees – Knowledge and Action Safe Passage UK SAO Association for displaced women Seebruecke Wuppertal ShowerPower Foundation Side by Side Refugees SolidarityNow Still I Rise Stop Precarite Support Art Workers (Greece) Symbiosis-School of Political Studies in Greece Terre des hommes Hellas Thalassa of Solidarity Vasilika Moon Velos Youth Verein FAIR Voice Of Ezidis Wiltshire For Refugees Yoga and Sport For Refugees Youth for Refugees Youth organization “Protests”
Also endorsed by:
• Prof. dr. Ilse Derluyn, Centre for the Social Study of Migration and Refugees (CESSMIR), Department of Social Work and Social Pedagogy
• Vassilis Pavlopoulos, Associate Professor of Cross-Cultural Psychology – National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
• Dr. Antonello D’Elia, Presidente di Società Italiana di Psichiatria Democratica Onlus
• Hellen Gerolymatos McDonald, Licensed Clinical Social Worker, MSW, Clinical Associate Professor, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, School of Social Work, U.S.A (The opinions are Hellen McDonald’s and not those of the University of Illinois)
• Luciano Rondine, Settore immigrazione e inclusione sociale, Centro di prevenzione psicosociale Nodo Sankara
• Joanna Kato, chair of Human Rights & Social Responsibility Committee of the European Association for Gestalt Therapy (EAGT)
• Athina Fragkouli, President of the Board of the Society of Social Psychiatry P. Sakellaropoulos
unity : The European Union Delegation in Nigeria has called on Nigerians to build on things that unite rather than divide the country, in spite of its diverse cultures and religions.
The Head of the EU Delegation in Nigeria, Ambassador Ketil Karlsen, gave the advice in a broadcast in Abuja to celebrate Nigeria’s 60th independence.
He said the EU was proud that Nigeria has remained united despite its diversity.
“The amazing and rich diversity of Nigeria in terms of culture, language, religion, and ethnicity is simply unique, and a vital strength that should make every Nigerian proud,” Karlsen said.
According to him, togetherness is what defines the potential of Nigeria as a nation.
The envoy said although Nigeria still faces a number of challenges, the important achievements recorded in the 60 years should not be taken for granted.
He said the uninterrupted democratic rule for more than 20 years is worth celebrating too but must be nourished.
While calling for the inclusion of women, youths, and the disabled in the scheme of things, Karlsen said. “History will always judge us by our ability to protect those in our societies that are most in need.”
He said the treatment meted out to women, youth, people with disabilities, as well as the poor and vulnerable in general, would determine the quality of the Nigeria of tomorrow.
The envoy hailed Nigeria’s COVID-19 response, emphasising that the pandemic had demonstrated that investing in people and securing basic social services for all is the most vital priority of any thriving society. “We have seen that in the swift response to the COVID-19 crisis in Nigeria. When the disease was raging the most within our own borders, we did not forget about our Nigerian friends, and provided massive support when it mattered the most: More than anywhere in the world outside of Europe,” he said.
Karlsen said the EU remains the leading trading partner of Nigeria and the largest investor, just as he reiterated the commitment of the nations that make up the EU to continue to partner with Nigeria and provide ample development and humanitarian aid because “Nigeria matters”. Guardian
ROME — Secretary of State Mike Pompeo urged the Vatican on Wednesday to join the United States in denouncing violations of religious freedom in China, saying the Catholic Church should be at the forefront in the fight to insist on basic human rights there.
Pompeo made the appeal at a conference on religious freedom organized by the U.S. Embassy to the Holy See, with top Vatican officials in the audience. It took place at the same time the Vatican is entering into delicate negotiations with Beijing on extending their controversial agreement on nominating bishops for China.
Pompeo has strongly criticized the accord, penning an essay last month suggesting that the Vatican had compromised its moral authority by signing it. His article greatly irritated the Vatican, which saw it as interference in the church’s internal affairs for the sake of scoring domestic political points.
The Vatican secretary of state, Cardinal Pietro Parolin, said the Holy See was “surprised” by Pompeo’s article. Speaking to reporters on the sidelines of the conference, Parolin said the private meetings Pompeo had scheduled at the Vatican would have been the more appropriate setting to express his concerns, Italian news agency ANSA reported.
Neither Parolin nor Archbishop Paul Gallagher, the Vatican foreign minister, mentioned China in their official remarks to the conference, which was held in a hotel reception room near the U.S. Embassy. Both focused instead on the Holy See’s long-standing history of promoting religious freedom as a fundamental human right.
“The question of protecting religious freedom so as to allow the local Catholic Church to exercise its mission remains an indispensable part of the scope and activity of the Holy See,” Gallagher said, criticizing “ideological” threats to religious freedom, such as legislation in some Western nations that redefines traditional concepts of gender.
In his remarks, Pompeo echoed the Trump administration’s harsh criticism of Beijing, which increased after the coronavirus was first detected in China, and as the U.S. Nov. 3 presidential election neared.
“Nowhere is religious freedom under assault more than in China,” Pompeo said, accusing the ruling Communist Party of working “day and night to snuff out the lamp of freedom, especially religious freedom, on a horrifying scale.”
Quoting St. John Paul II, retired Pope Benedict XVI and Pope Francis, Pompeo urged a greater commitment from faith leaders to stand up for all religious believers.
“To be a church ‘permanently in a state of mission’ has many meanings. Surely one of them is to be a church permanently in defense of basic human rights,” he said, quoting a phrase Francis commonly uses.
In his essay published in the conservative magazine First Things, Pompeo said the Vatican-China accord hadn’t shielded Catholics from China’s religious crackdown and suggested that the Vatican had compromised its moral authority by signing it.
“We want every institution to use their power. I happen to think that churches, and the Catholic Church included, have enormous capacity,” Pompeo said Wednesday in defending the essay. “They have historically stood with oppressed peoples all around the world.”
The Vatican has defended its accord with China, saying it was purely an ecclesial matter about bishop nominations and was not a political or diplomatic agreement. The Vatican has said the agreement had borne “limited” but positive fruit and was worth extending for another determined period of time.
Critics, including the retired Hong Kong archbishop, have said the Vatican sold out China’s underground Catholics.
U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo delivers his speech during the “Advancing and Defending International Religious Freedom Through Diplomacy” symposium, in Rome, Wednesday, Sept. 30, 2020. (Guglielmo Mangiapane/Pool Photo via AP)
U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo delivers his speech during the “Advancing and Defending International Religious Freedom Through Diplomacy” symposium, in Rome, Wednesday, Sept. 30, 2020. (Guglielmo Mangiapane/Pool Photo via AP)
U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo delivers his speech during the “Advancing and Defending International Religious Freedom Through Diplomacy” symposium, in Rome, Wednesday, Sept. 30, 2020. (Guglielmo Mangiapane/Pool Photo via AP)
U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo adjusts his face mask prior to a joint news conference with Italian Foreign Minister Luigi Di Maio in Rome, Wednesday, Sept. 30, 2020. Pompeo is in Italy as part of his six-day trip to Southern Europe. (Guglielmo Mangiapane/Pool Photo via AP)
U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo delivers his speech during the “Advancing and Defending International Religious Freedom Through Diplomacy” symposium, in Rome, Wednesday, Sept. 30, 2020. (Guglielmo Mangiapane/Pool Photo via AP)
U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, left, speaks at a joint news conference with Italian Foreign Minister Luigi Di Maio in Rome, Wednesday, Sept. 30, 2020. Pompeo is in Italy as part of his six-day trip to Southern Europe. (Guglielmo Mangiapane/Pool Photo via AP)
U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo delivers his speech during the “Advancing and Defending International Religious Freedom Through Diplomacy” symposium, in Rome, Wednesday, Sept. 30, 2020. (Guglielmo Mangiapane/Pool Photo via AP)
U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, left, bumps elbows with Italian Foreign Minister Luigi Di Maio in Rome, Wednesday, Sept. 30, 2020. Pompeo is in Italy as part of his six-day trip to Southern Europe. (Guglielmo Mangiapane/Pool Photo via AP)
YEREVAN, SEPTEMBER 30, ARMENPRESS. On the eve of the EU summit, the President of the European Council Charles Michel is holding talks on the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict with Armenia and Azerbaijan, ARMENPRESS reports Ria Novosti informs, citing its own sources.
On September 27 early morning the Azerbaijani military has launched a massive cross-border artillery attack on Artsakh, including on civilian settlements. Peaceful settlements are also under bombardment, including the capital city of Stepanakert.
80 servicemen were killed and nearly 120 were wounded in Artsakh from the Azerbaijani attack.
Armenia and Artsakh declared a martial law and mobilization.
According to the latest data, the Azerbaijani side has suffered more than 790 human losses and 1900 wounded as a result of its aggression. The Artsakh side has destroyed a total of 7 Azerbaijani attacking helicopters, 75 UAVs, 137 tanks and armored vehicles, 82 vehicles, 3 heavy engineering armored equipment, 1 aircraft, as well as TOS-1A heavy artillery system.
WASHINGTON — The United States has repatriated and charged the last Americans believed to be detained in Syria and accused of supporting the Islamic State, the Justice Department said on Wednesday. The move could give the Trump administration a stronger hand in its efforts to persuade other nations to repatriate and, when appropriate, prosecute citizens who traveled to the Middle East to support the group.
The Justice Department said that the four repatriated Americans were among about 2,000 men from dozens of countries who were imprisoned in northern Syria and caught for years in legal and political limbo. The four were captured and detained last spring by the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces.
“This is a significant moment in what has been a yearslong effort to bring back the individuals who left the U.S. to fight with ISIS,” John C. Demers, the head of the Justice Department’s National Security Division, said in an interview. “Each country should take responsibility for the people who left their countries.”
Two of the suspects, Emraan Ali and Jihad Ali, a father and son, made their initial appearance in federal court in Miami on Wednesday. Emraan Ali traveled to Syria in March 2015 with his family, including his son, and received military and religious training from the Islamic State, the government said in court documents. Mr. Ali and his son were accused of providing, trying to provide and conspiring to provide material support to the group. They were captured in 2019 during one of the Islamic State’s final battles to maintain its territory in Syria, the Justice Department said.
Two other suspects, Abdelhamid Al-Madioum and Lirim Sylejmani, were charged two weeks ago in federal courts in Minnesota and Washington, D.C., with supporting the militant group, efforts that began in 2015, according to court documents.
Though both the Obama and the Trump administrations decided to repatriate and try American detainees, other countries have been reluctant to bring back terrorism suspects because of political and legal hurdles.
But members of the Syrian Democratic Forces are unlikely to be able to detain the rest of the prisoners long-term, particularly as the civil war in Syria continues under President Bashar al-Assad. The Treasury Department on Wednesday also imposed sanctions on nearly 20 people and entities, including the governor of the Central Bank of Syria, in an attempt to restrict funding to Mr. Assad and his government.
Should those international prisoners be released with no plan to charge them or reintegrate them into society, they could pose a terrorist threat.
“We are demonstrating to our international partners that it is not a long-term solution to leave their people imprisoned in Syria,” said John Brown, the F.B.I.’s executive assistant director for national security.
Mr. Brown said that the United States had offered other nations, especially in Western Europe, evidence and intelligence to help them bring charges against the prisoners as well as assistance in drafting legislation to overcome legal hurdles to repatriate their citizens.
The charges against the four American suspects are also the latest example of the Justice Department using the civilian court system to prosecute terrorism cases as the military commissions system at the wartime prison in Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, has foundered.
The debate over the use of civilian courts that persisted during the Obama administration has receded as prosecutors repeatedly secured convictions on terrorism charges and judges imposed lengthy sentences on them.
“We’ve done hundreds of terrorism cases in U.S. civilian court since 9/11, and very successfully so,” Mr. Demers said. He said that prosecutors also protected classified information in bringing their cases, putting to rest fears among some in the intelligence community that trials would expose sensitive information and diminish the government’s ability to fight terrorism.
“The system has worked,” Mr. Demers said. “It is something we will continue to use in this administration.”
In all, the United States has repatriated 27 Americans from Syria and Iraq, 10 of whom were criminally charged. The other 17 are the family members of Islamic State suspects or minors who were not charged with crimes.
Mr. Demers said that other Islamic State suspects who have been charged who were not in detention facilities and may also be brought back to the United States to face trial.
Mr. Brown said that the Islamic State was still active and no longer had to entice recruits to travel for indoctrination and military training. Long before its self-declared caliphate in Syria and Iraq collapsed, the group had begun using social media to recruit members and inspire others to act on their own to conduct terrorist attacks.
People joke about asking horses, “Why the long face?” We should redirect this question to hammerhead sharks. Their famous head extensions, called cephalofoils, can measure three feet from eye to eye. And scientists are still trying to nail down exactly what purposes they serve.
A study published in Scientific Reports explored how the sharks’ strangely shaped craniums affect how they swim. Although the cephalofoil helped with manoeuvrability it did not seem to generate lift. In fact, it added a lot of drag – so much that some hammerheads may need to use roughly 10 times as much force as other sharks just to get through the water, says Glenn R Parsons, a biological oceanographer and shark specialist at the University of Mississippi and one of the new paper’s authors.
There are some benefits to having a hammer for a head. Most experts agree that the widely-spaced eyes, nostrils and electroreceptors enabled by the cephalofoil’s shape allow the hunters to better pinpoint their prey. The heads can also serve as weapons – biologists have observed a female great hammerhead use her noggin to bludgeon a stingray.
But you have to wonder what it’s like to swim around with that thing.
To investigate, Parsons and his colleagues turned to computational fluid dynamics. There are at least eight hammerhead species. The researchers included all eight species in their study, laser-scanning the heads of preserved museum specimens to “capture the physical shape in minute detail,” Parsons says. Each digitised head was then placed in a virtual underwater environment, allowing the researchers to measure water pressure, drag and flow. They then did the same for a few shark species with more typical pointy heads.
When a hammerhead’s cephalofoil was level – as is typical when they are swimming – it did not generate lift, the researchers found.
But as soon as the cephalofoil was tilted up or down, the force quickly came into play, enabling a rapid ascent or descent. This helps to explain why hammerheads are “much more manoeuvrable than a typical shark,” says Parsons, who thinks the skill may help them snap up food from the seafloor.
– Cara Giaimo
Panurgus banksianus, also known as the large shaggy bee(iStock)
Meet a bee with a very big brain
Panurgus banksianus, the large shaggy bee, lives alone, burrowed into sandy grasslands across Europe. The large shaggy bee also has a very large brain.
Just like mammals or birds, insect species of the same size may have different endowments inside their heads. Researchers have discovered some factors linked to brain size in back-boned animals.
But in insects, the drivers of brain size have been more of a mystery. In a study published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B, scientists scrutinised hundreds of bee brains for patterns. Bees with specialised diets seem to have larger brains, while social behaviour appears unrelated to brain size. That means when it comes to insects, the rules that have guided brain evolution in other animals may not apply.
“Most bee brains are smaller than a grain of rice,” says Elizabeth Tibbetts, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Michigan who was not involved in the research. But, she says, “bees manage surprisingly complex behaviour with tiny brains”, making the evolution of bee brains an especially interesting subject.
Ferran Sayol, an evolutionary biologist at UCL, and his co-authors studied those tiny brains from 395 female bees belonging to 93 species from across the United States, Spain and the Netherlands. Researchers beheaded each insect and used forceps to remove its brain.
One pattern that emerged was a connection between brain size and how long each bee generation lasted. Bees that only go through one generation each year have larger brains, relative to their body size, than bees with multiple generations a year.
Looking at the bees’ diets revealed a more surprising tendency.
In birds, “we know that species that have a broader diet tend to have bigger brains,” Sayol says. The challenge of finding and consuming a wide variety of foods may demand a large brain. However, Sayol says, “We found the opposite in bees.” The biggest brains were in dietary specialists, such as the aster-loving large shaggy bee.
Sayol speculates that a broad diet might be less of a challenge for bees than it is for birds, because all bees feed on flowers. A bee with a broad diet can fly into a field and drink the first nectar it finds. But a bee with a specialised diet may have to spot its preferred bloom, with its specific colour and fragrance, among a whole field of similar flowers – a task that might require more brain.
Larger brains have also been linked to social behaviour in primates and other mammals. But scientists found no connection between brain size and whether a bee lived in hives like honeybees or was a loner like our big-brained aster-eater.
– Elizabeth Preston
The earliest evidence of a Viking expedition comes from a burial site dated to around 750AD in Salme, Estonia(CC/Public Domain)
The Vikings were more complicated than you might think
Public fascination with the Vikings runs high these days, with several current television series available for bloody binge-watching. But the Vikings have never really gone out of fashion, whether as pure entertainment or because of their real historical importance.
Periodically, scholars remind the public that the people we call Vikings did not think of themselves as a group and were largely, but not universally, from the geographic area we now call Scandinavia. The Viking Age, from roughly 750 to 1050, included brutal raids, extensive trading and commerce and probably a majority of people who stayed home on the farm.
Now, one of the most sweeping genetic surveys of ancient DNA ever done has broadly reinforced the current historical and archaeological understanding of the Vikings, but also offers some surprises about their travels and uncovers some poignant personal stories. Ninety researchers, led by Eske Willerslev, an ancient DNA specialist from the University of Copenhagen, reported in the journal Nature on their analysis of the genomes of 443 ancient humans from Europe and Greenland.
Based on DNA analysis and comparison to modern populations, they found that people genetically similar to modern Danes and Norwegians generally headed west in their raids and trading, while “Swedish-like” people mostly headed east. The findings are based on graves of raiders or traders in England, Ireland, Estonia and elsewhere.
However, they found that this was only a general pattern. Sometimes Swedish-like groups headed west, and the others headed east.
They also found considerable genetic variation in the ancient remains, indicating migration of southern Europeans, before the Viking Age, to the area of Denmark, which undermines any idea of a single Nordic genetic identity.
The earliest evidence of a Viking expedition comes from a burial site dated to around 750AD in Salme, Estonia, where two Viking ships were buried; seven men in one, 34 in another, with weapons, provisions, dogs and birds of prey. No one knows whether this was a raid, or a diplomatic or trading expedition gone wrong, but the men appear to have been killed violently and buried as warriors.
The DNA analysis showed that four of the men were brothers and they were related to a fifth man, perhaps an uncle. One of the report’s authors, Neil Price, an archaeologist at Uppsala University in Sweden, says: “We kind of suspected that you go raiding with your family, but it shows that they really did.”
– James Gorman
Companies are looking for ways to use fungus as an alternative to leather (Bolt Threads)
That mushroom motorcycle jacket will never go out of style
There are traditionally two ways to make a leather jacket. One involves a cow, and takes years. Another involves synthetic fabric, and requires plastic. But there’s a third option: thick sheets of woven fungus, grown over a couple of weeks on anything from sawdust to agricultural waste.
“It feels a bit and smells a bit like mushroom, still, but it looks like a piece of old leather jacket,” says Alexander Bismarck, a materials scientist at the University of Vienna.
Over the last decade, companies in the United States, Indonesia and Korea have touted fungal leather as an ethical and environmentally sustainable replacement for both cow skin and plastic. Previously, there wasn’t much research to support their claims. But a study published by Bismarck and his colleagues in Nature Sustainability finds that fungal leathers stack up quite well when it comes to versatility and sustainability.
Wearing fungal leather doesn’t mean wearing a mushroom motorcycle jacket. Instead, it’s made from a mat of mycelium, the underlying threadlike root networks from which fruiting bodies pop up after a rain. These mycelial mats grow easily on just about any organic material.
Beginning in the 1950s, inventors began to file patents based around fungal mats as a material for paper, wound dressings and a range of other products, but they never fully caught on, says Mitchell Jones, lead author and materials scientist from the Vienna University of Technology.
But in the last decade, companies like MycoWorks and Bolt Threads have begun manufacturing and selling fungal leather products.
“With leather, you’re limited to the skin that an animal produces over its life, whereas mycelial mats can be grown to specifications,” says Sophia Wang, co-founder of MycoWorks.
Bismarck says the potential for custom materials is huge because different kinds of fungus have different properties, such as toughness and water resistance, and there are potentially millions of species to choose from.
Fungal leather is also potentially more sustainable than other leather sources. The tanning process is energy-intensive and produces quite a bit of sludge waste – and the production of synthetic leather requires plastic, which involves oil. “You’re getting a biological organism to do all of your manufacturing for you, so there’s no real energy requirement,” Jones says.
“It doesn’t require light. And once you’ve got this material, you can process it according to quite simple chemical treatments compared to what you would normally do for leather tanning.”
– Asher Elbein
You wouldn’t want to eat this accidentally…(Getty)
Sometimes food fights back
Peering through a microscope in 2016, Dania Albini gazed at an algae-eating water flea. Its gut appeared full and green with all the ingested teeny-tiny Chlorella vulgaris algae. But she also observed bright green blobs of this phytoplankton in an unexpected place: the herbivore’s brood pouch.
“I was really surprised to see them there,” says Albini, an aquatic ecologist then at Swansea University in Wales.
As the colonisation continued, the algae enveloped the tiny creature’s eggs, killing some eggs and resulting in fewer newborns, according to a study led by Albini and published in Royal Society Open Science. With the algae still alive, the researchers suspect that Chlorella deploy an offence strategy as opposed to a typical defence to protect themselves from herbivory.
“You don’t expect a food to attack a predator in this way,” Albini says. “You expect it from a parasite, but not food. It’s fascinating.”
Phytoplankton are typically single-celled photosynthetic organisms that form the foundation of aquatic food chains. Among them are microalgae like Chlorella vulgaris that float on surfaces of ponds and lakes, making them easy meals for widespread zooplankton like Daphnia magna. To keep grazers at bay, some microalgae form spines, release toxins or aggregate to a size that’s larger than a predator can swallow.
But sometimes, Chlorella make their way inside a grazer’s body – not in the belly as food, but into the chamber housing the zooplankton’s offspring. Water circulates through this brood chamber and supplies oxygen and nutrients to the young, and seems to pull in some algal cells. While in this chamber, the researchers found during lab experiments mimicking some natural conditions, the algae were alive and able to double in abundance.
When algae managed to colonise a brood chamber, the zooplankton barely produced any viable eggs. Kam Tang, a plankton ecologist also at Swansea and co-author of the study, reckons that the “biological glue” that Chlorella cells produce helped them stick to each other and possibly to the brood chamber and the eggs, smothering most of the zooplankton’s next generation.
Why do Chlorella engage in this harmful intrusion? The researchers suggest that this offence strategy might protect algae cells from being grazed upon and trigger a reduction in zooplankton populations in lakes in the long run.
But what remains unknown is whether the live Chlorella inside Daphnia brood chambers actually make their way out into the water or remain trapped?
“There is no reason to assume that this is beneficial for the algae,” says Dieter Ebert, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Basel in Switzerland, who wasn’t involved in the study. “They have no chance to get out.”
