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What effect does coffee have on our brain?

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A new study expands further on the effects of coffee. The influence of coffee, and specifically caffeine, on our physiology as well as our psyche is examined. Comparisons found a difference between coffee intake and caffeine intake in the morning.

Coffee is liked not only for its taste, but also for its invigorating effect – it helps with quick awakening and better concentration, along with other beneficial effects.

Much of the effects of coffee are due to a single ingredient in the drink – caffeine. It has a proven effect on biochemical processes in the body, increasing the release of dopamine and improving memory. Caffeine has effects not only on our biochemistry, but also on our psyche.

The scientific paper looked at the differences between drinking coffee and taking the caffeine ingredient separately. MRI studies have been conducted that directly show the effects on the brain. The results indicate that both coffee and caffeine reduce connectivity in a particular circuit in the brain called the DMN, short for default mode network. The DMN circuit works when our mind “wanders” and performs many processes that can be called subconscious.

The connection of the DMN circuit to our sleepiness is there – most of the activities we do early in the morning in a sleepy state are done without much conscious intention, as if we can go on autopilot through the routine we have established. By the time the morning coffee is consumed, activity in the DMN circuit is reduced. The reduced activity is like a signal to our brain to prepare to pay attention to our surroundings and our thoughts.

The effects on the DMN circuit are due to the caffeine in coffee, but it is not the only ingredient in the drink. It contains substances such as cafestol and kahweol, which can interact with receptors in the brain in ways that help increase energy levels or improve mood.

The study examines the tradition of drinking coffee. There are some effects of drinking coffee that may be due to a placebo effect that we create for ourselves – some kind of belief that coffee makes us feel better in the morning may be the key to a real invigorating effect independent of caffeine or other substances.

Italy secures €247 million for modernization and safety on A32 motorway

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Florian Pépellin, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Italy has secured €247 million from the European Investment Bank (EIB), Cassa Depositi e Prestiti (CDP), UniCredit, SACE, and Società Italiana per il Traforo Autostradale del Frejus S.p.A (SITAF) for modernization and safety on the A32 motorway. The A32 motorway connects north-western Italy with France via the Frejus tunnel (T4) and is one of Europe’s key road arteries and an integral part of the Mediterranean Corridor of the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T).

The EIB has granted a direct loan of around €105 million to SITAF (ASTM Group), while CDP has provided €92 million and UniCredit €50 million, benefiting from EIB funding. Around €80 million of the EIB financing and €40 million of the CDP credit lines are covered by a SACE guarantee. CDP and UniCredit have also acted as SITAF’s structuring and coordinating advisors for the overall structuring of the project finance-based loan.

This financing comes in addition to the €320 million provided in 2013 for the construction of the second T4 tunnel, which is expected to open by the end of 2023. The operation will enable SITAF to make a series of investments to improve road safety and modernize the main bridges, viaducts, and tunnels along the 80 km of the A32 motorway. The investment plan also covers actions to expand smart transport systems and travel services, the replacement of lighting systems with LED technology, and the renewal of noise barriers. Overall, the project will make motorway infrastructure safer and more resilient to extreme weather events.

UniCredit has also acted as hedging bank and financial advisor to the borrower for the deal. SITAF CEO Claudio Vezzosi said, “This funding will enable SITAF to make the planned investment to improve safety on the key artery for Italy and Europe, making it more resilient, digital, and sustainable in line with the strategic orientations of the ASTM Group.”

CDP Deputy General Manager and Business Director Massimo Di Carlo added, “This partnership between national and EU institutions will strengthen an artery of vital strategic importance for the economic, social and sustainable development of Italy and the European Union. The operation is in line with CDP’s 2022-2024 strategic plan and confirms its commitment to supporting the improvement of Italy’s infrastructure, offering financial resources and expertise in the structuring of intricate and innovative operations.”

The project will improve road safety and the structural and seismic adaptation of bridges and viaducts, making infrastructure more resilient to future climate events. The investment plan also covers actions to expand smart transport systems and travel services, the replacement of lighting systems with LED technology, and the renewal of noise barriers. Overall, the project will make motorway infrastructure safer and more resilient to extreme weather events.

“Supporting the creation and modernization of the TEN-T network is an EU priority, and the EIB provides financing to make the network safer, more accessible, more sustainable, and more efficient,” said EIB Vice-President Gelsomina Vigliotti. “By backing adaptation and modernization work on the A32 motorway, the EIB is helping to secure a safe and reliable connection for transit traffic between Italy and France, facilitating the movement of goods and people.”

“We are proud to have made the financing of this investment plan possible with our guarantees, improving safety on one of Europe’s main road arteries,” said SACE CEO Alessandra Ricci. “Modern infrastructure and a safe and efficient motorway network are key assets for international trade growth and an important catalyst for Italian exports to Europe.”

In conclusion, the €247 million investment in the A32 motorway will improve road safety, modernize infrastructure, and make it more resilient to extreme weather events. The project will also expand smart transport systems and travel services, replace lighting systems with LED technology, and renew noise barriers. The investment will strengthen an artery of vital strategic importance for the economic, social, and sustainable development of Italy and the European Union.

Renewed Efforts Underway for EU-Philippines Free Trade Deal to Boost Strategic Ties

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The European Union and the Philippines have announced plans to restart negotiations for an ambitious free trade agreement, according to a press release from the European Commission on July 31st, 2023. This signals a renewed effort to strengthen economic and political ties between the strategic Indo-Pacific partners.

According to a joint statement, the EU and the Philippines will begin a bilateral “scoping process” to evaluate if they share a common vision for the comprehensive FTA. If successful, and after consulting EU member states, formal negotiations could resume after being stalled since 2017.

“The Philippines is a key partner for us in the Indo-Pacific region, and with the launch of this scoping process we are paving the way to taking our partnership to the next level,” said European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen.

Experts say the move aligns with the EU’s 2021 Indo-Pacific Strategy and growing focus on deepening trade relations in Southeast Asia, a fast-growing economic hub. It follows the recent restart of FTA talks between the EU and Thailand this year.

According to 2021 data, EU-Philippines trade in goods totalled €18.4 billion, while trade in services reached €4.7 billion. The EU ranked as the Philippines’ 4th largest trade partner, and the Philippines was the EU’s 7th largest trade partner in the ASEAN region.

The proposed FTA would likely include reduced trade barriers, streamlined customs procedures, intellectual property protections, sustainable development measures, and climate commitments.

With its abundant reserves of critical minerals, alongside investments in renewable energy, analysts say the Philippines offers strategic opportunities for EU companies and sustainability initiatives as part of the green transition.

While hurdles remain, restarting EU-Philippines FTA negotiations signals a mutual desire for closer economic integration and strategic alignment between the long-time partners.

Don’t lay up treasures for yourself on earth (1)

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Matthew 6:19. Lay not up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moth and rust destroy and where thieves break in and steal,

In this verse, the Savior immediately moves on to a subject that seems to have no connection with His previous instructions. Tsang explains this connection as follows: “Jesus, speaking to His disciples in the hearing of the Jewish crowd, does not preach here in general against the pagan and worldly way of thinking (cf. Luke 12:13-31), but shows the incompatibility of such with piety, which the disciples should and will take care of. This is where the connection with the previous parts of speech lies. Until that time, the Pharisees were considered by the people mainly as pious people, but with pious zeal, which Jesus Christ never denied for them, worldly interests were associated with many Pharisees and rabbis. Next to pride (Matt. 6:2, 5, 16, 23:5–8; Lk. 14:1, 7–11; Jn. 5:44, 7:18, 12:43) is indicated mainly by their love of money. Thus, the section under consideration also serves to explain Matthew 5:20.

It can be assumed that such an opinion quite accurately reveals what the connection is, if only there really is one between these different sections. But the connection can be expressed more clearly. We think that the entire Sermon on the Mount is a series of obvious truths, and that it is sometimes extremely difficult to find a connection between them, just as it is difficult to find it in a dictionary between words printed on the same page. It is impossible not to see that Tsan’s opinion about such a connection is somewhat artificial, and, in any case, such a connection could hardly be seen by the disciples to whom Jesus Christ spoke, and the people. Based on these considerations, we have every right to consider this verse the beginning of a new section, which deals with completely new subjects, and, moreover, without the closest relation to the Pharisees or the Gentiles.

Christ in the Sermon on the Mount not so much convicts as teaches. He does not use reproofs for their own sake, but again – for the same purpose – to teach. If one can assume a connection between the various sections of the Sermon on the Mount, then it seems to consist in a variety of indications of perverted concepts of righteousness, which are characteristic of a natural person. The thread of the Sermon on the Mount is a description of these perverse concepts and then an explanation of what the true, correct concepts should be. Among the perverted concepts of a sinful and natural man are his concepts and views on worldly goods. And here the Savior again allows people to conform to the teaching given by Him, it is only a light in which moral work is possible, which has the goal of moral improvement of a person, but not this work itself.

The correct and general view of earthly treasures is: “Lay not up for yourselves treasures on earth.” There is no need to argue, as Tsang does, about whether here only “large savings”, “gathering large capitals”, the enjoyment of them by a miser, or also the collection of insignificant capitals, cares for daily bread are meant. The Savior does not seem to speak of either. He expresses only a correct view of earthly riches and says that their properties in themselves should prevent people from treating them with special love, making their acquisition the goal of their lives. The properties of earthly riches, indicated by Christ, should remind people of non-acquisitiveness, and the latter should determine a person’s attitude to wealth and, in general, to earthly goods. From this point of view, a rich person can be just as non-possessive as a poor person. Any, even “large savings” and “gathering of large capitals” can be correct and legal from a moral point of view, if only the spirit of non-acquisitiveness, indicated by Christ, is introduced into these actions of a person. Christ does not require asceticism from a person.

“Do not lay up for yourselves treasures on earth” (μὴ θησαυρίζετε θησαυρούς) would seem to be better translated as follows: do not value treasures on earth, and “on earth” will, of course, refer not to treasures, but to “do not value” (“do not collect”). Those. do not collect on the ground. If “on earth” referred to “treasures”, i.e. if “earthly” treasures were meant here, then, firstly, it would probably stand, θησαυρούς τοὺς ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, as it would be in the next verse, or, perhaps, τοὺς θησαυρούς ἐπὶ τ ῆς γῆς. But Tzan’s indication that if “on earth” referred to treasures, then one would expect οὕς instead of ὅπου here, can hardly be accepted, because οὕς could stand in both cases. Why shouldn’t we store up treasures for ourselves on earth? Because (ὅπου ηαβετ ᾳιμ αετιολογιαε) there “moth and rust destroy and thieves break in and steal.” “Moth” (σής) – similar to the Hebrew word “sas” (Is.51:8 – only once in the Bible) and has the same meaning – should be taken in general for some harmful insect that harms property. Also the word “rust”, i.e. rust. By this last word one must understand decay of any kind, because the Savior did not want, of course, to say that only those objects that are subject to damage from moths or rust should not be preserved (although the literal meaning of these words is this), but was expressed only in a general sense; the following words are said in the same sense, because the cause of losses is not only digging and theft in the literal sense. The parallel place is in James 5:2-3. The rabbis had a common word for rust, “chaluda” (Tolyuk, 1856).

Matthew 6:20. but lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where neither moth nor rust destroys, and where thieves do not break in and steal,

The opposite of the previous one. Of course, obviously, spiritual treasures that are not subject to the same extermination as earthly ones. But there is no closer definition of what exactly these spiritual treasures should consist of (cf. 1 Pet. 1:4-9; 2 Cor. 4:17). The explanation here requires only “do not destroy” (ἀφανίζει – the same word that is used in verse 16 about persons). Ἀφανίζω (from φαίνω) here means “remove from view”, hence – destroy, destroy, exterminate. The rest of the construction and expression is the same as in verse 19.

Matthew 6:21. for where your treasure is, there your heart will be also.

The meaning is clear. The life of the human heart is concentrated on that and about that which a man loves. A person not only loves this or that treasure, but also lives or tries to live near them and with them. Depending on what treasures a person loves, earthly or heavenly, his life is either earthly or heavenly. If love for earthly treasures prevails in a person’s heart, then heavenly treasures fade into the background for him, and vice versa. Here in the words of the Savior there is a deep conviction and explanation of the secret, heartfelt human thoughts. How often we seem to care only about heavenly treasures, but with our hearts we are attached only to earthly ones, and our very aspirations to heaven are only an appearance and a pretext for hiding from prying eyes our love abundance for earthly treasures only.

Instead of “your” Tischendorf, Westcote, Hort and others – “your treasure”, “your heart”. So on the basis of the best authorities. Perhaps in the recepta and many italics “thine” is replaced by the word “your” in order to agree with Luke 12:34, where “thine” is not in doubt. The purpose of using “thine” instead of “your” may have been to designate the individuality of the heart’s inclinations and aspirations of man, with all their infinite variety. One loves one thing, the other loves another. The familiar expression “my heart lies” or “it does not lie to this one” is almost equivalent to the gospel expression of this verse. It can be paraphrased as follows: “Where is what you consider your treasure, there your heart thoughts and your love will go.”

Matthew 6:22. The lamp for the body is the eye. So if your eye is clear, then your whole body will be bright;

Matthew 6:23. but if your eye is evil, your whole body will be dark. So if the light that is in you is darkness, then what is the darkness?

The interpretation of this place by the ancient church writers was distinguished by simplicity and literal understanding. Chrysostom accepts “pure” (ἁπλοῦς) in the meaning of “healthy” (ὑγιής) and interprets it as follows: “For as a simple eye, i.e. healthy, illuminates the body, and if it is thin, i.e. painful, darkens, so the mind darkens from care. Jerome: “Just as our whole body is in darkness, if the eye is not simple (simplex), so if the soul has lost its original light, then the whole feeling (sensual side of the soul) remains in darkness.” Augustine understands by the eye the intentions of a person – if they are pure and correct, then all our deeds, proceeding from our intentions, are good.

Some modern exegetes look at this matter differently. “The idea of verse 22,” says one of them, “is rather naive—that the eye is an organ through which light finds access to the whole body, and that there is a spiritual eye through which spiritual light enters and illuminates the whole personality of a person. This spiritual eye must be clear, otherwise the light cannot enter and the inner man lives in darkness.” But even from the point of view of modern science, what other organ can be called a lamp (at least for the body), if not the eye? The idea of verse 22, therefore, is not at all as “naive” as it is imagined, especially since the Savior does not use the expressions “finds access”, “enters”, which are used by people familiar with the latest conclusions of the natural sciences. Holtzman calls the eye “a specific light organ (Lichtorgan), to which the body owes all its light impressions.” Undoubtedly, the eye is the organ for their perception. If the eye is not pure, then – whichever of these expressions we choose – the light impressions we receive will not have such liveliness, regularity and strength as a healthy eye has. It is true that, from a modern scientific point of view, the expression: “the lamp for the body is the eye” might seem not entirely clear and scientifically correct. But the Savior did not speak modern scientific language to us. On the other hand, modern science is no stranger to such inaccuracies, for example, “the sun rises and sets,” while the sun remains motionless, and no one should be blamed for such inaccuracies. So, the expression should be considered correct and equivalent to the modern scientific expression: the eye is an organ for the perception of light impressions. With this understanding, there is no need to introduce further reasoning, as if the opposite reasoning of this and the following verse instills a contrast between generosity and alms, and that, according to the Jewish axiom, a “good eye” is a metaphorical designation of generosity, “bad eye” – stinginess. It is true that in several places in Scripture “greedy” and “envious” eyes are used in this sense (Deut. 15:9, 28:54-56; Proverbs 23:6, 28:22, 22:9; Tov. 4:7; Sir. 14:10). But in the passage under consideration there is no talk of generosity or almsgiving, but simply it turns out what should be the attitude of a person to earthly goods. In this last and the connection of the 22nd and 23rd verses with the preceding speech. A dim, gloomy, sore eye loves to contemplate the earthly things more; it is hard for him to look at the bright light, at the heavenly. According to Bengel, in Scripture words expressing simplicity (ἁπλοῦς, ἀπλότης) are never used in a negative sense. Simple and kind, having heavenly intentions, striving for God – one and the same thing.

In verse 23, the opposite of the previous speech. The last sentences of this verse have always seemed difficult. One can observe in this place an extremely poetic and subtle play on words and translate in the same way as in our Russian (in the Slavic translation – “tma kolmi” – exactly, but unclear) and the Vulgate (ipsae tenebrae quantae sunt), without referring the word “darkness” to “the inner thoughts of a person, his passions and inclinations”. The latter meaning is only further and improper, since images and metaphors serve as a designation of internal spiritual relations. The metaphor is based on the difference in degrees of darkness, ranging from lack of light, twilight, and ending with total darkness. The eye is unhealthy (πονηρός) as opposed to healthy (ἁπλοῦς), and the body is only partly illuminated; in other words, the eye only partially perceives light, and, moreover, incorrect impressions. So “if the light in you” equals darkness, then “how much darkness”. Grimm explains this expression as follows: “If your inner light is darkness (dark), i.e. if the mind is devoid of the faculty of understanding, how great will be the darkness (how much more pitiable it is compared to the blindness of the body). Σκότος refers to the so-called “fluctuating” expressions of the classics, who use it in both the masculine and neuter genders. In Matthew 6:23 – the neuter gender and is used in the meaning of “ill health”, “destruction” (cf. John 3:19; Acts 26:18; 2 Cor. 4:6 – Kremer).

(to be continued)

Source: Explanatory Bible, or Commentaries on all the books of the Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testament: in 7 volumes / ed. A. P. Lopukhin. – Fourth edition, Moscow: Dar, 2009 (in Russian).

Second attempt to smuggle a priceless Stradivarius violin from Ukraine

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A bag with a musical instrument was found in a bus during border and customs control at the Palanka-Mayaki-Udobne checkpoint

Ukrainian border guards and customs officers from the Bilhorod-Dniester region prevented the export of a violin made by Italian master Antonio Stradivari in 1730, Ukrinform news agency reported, citing local authorities.

A bag with a musical instrument was discovered in a bus during border and customs control at the Palanka-Mayaki-Udobne checkpoint, after which the violin was seized and sent for examination.

The famous master Antonio Stradivari (1644 – 1737) created about 2,500 unique instruments, but only about 650 pieces have survived to this day.

The spokesman of the Ukrainian State Border Service, Andriy Demchenko, noted that since the beginning of the Russian invasion of the country, there has been a significant decrease in smuggling.

In April, another attempt to export a Stradivarius violin from Ukraine to Bulgaria at the Orlovka border crossing was foiled.

A Ukrainian tried to export the priceless instrument to our country by car, read a message from the customs service of the Odesa region.

He tried to pass through a green corridor without filling out tax declarations and aroused the suspicions of the customs officers who asked to inspect his car.

In the trunk, among the suitcases and boxes, the violin was found in a case, and on the musical instrument there was an inscription ANTONIUS STRADIUARIUS CREMONENSIS FACIEBAT ANNO 1742 (from Latin: Antonio Stradivarius of Cremona, 1742). In the case there was also a set of strings and a bow, produced in Soviet times.

UN calls for urgent action against human trafficking

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UN calls for urgent action against human trafficking

In his message for the Day, UN chief António Guterres called human trafficking “a heinous violation of fundamental human rights and freedoms.” He said that this crime preys on vulnerability and thrives in times of conflict and instability, with more and more people targeted today. 

“The majority of detected victims are women and children, many of whom suffer brutal violence, forced labour, and horrific sexual exploitation and abuse,” the Secretary-General said, noting that traffickers continue to operate with impunity and their crimes are receiving “not nearly enough attention.” 

“We must strengthen law enforcement to bring criminals that commodify human beings to justice. And we must do more to help survivors rebuild their lives,” he added, calling for joint efforts to “build a world where no one can ever be bought, sold, or exploited.” 

Step up counter-trafficking efforts

According to the 2022 Global Report on Trafficking in Persons, published by the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), more than 50 per cent of cases of human trafficking are brought forward by victims or their families, with authorities struggling to detect and protect trafficking victims, which is a concerning new trend compared to previous years. 

The findings also show that women and girls, who account for around 60 percent of detected victims, are more likely to suffer sexual exploitation and higher levels of violence at the hands of their captors, while men and boys are being increasingly exploited for forced labour and criminal activities.

The campaign for the World Day Against Trafficking in Persons 2023, led by UNODC, aims to raise awareness of the current disturbing developments and trends, asking governments, law enforcement, public services and civil society to strengthen prevention, identify and support victims, and end impunity.

A crime in plain sight

Millions of victims of human trafficking are going unnoticed around the world, even though many walk among us every day – on street corners, at construction sites, or in factories and public venues. 

The specificity of this crime is such that many victims cannot call for help, UNODC said. Having no legal status in a country where they come in search of a better life, victims become shackled by the false promises of traffickers.

“Human trafficking is a crime that hides not just in the shadows but in plain sight,” UNODC’s Executive Director Ghada Waly said in her video message for the Day.

She called for stepping up efforts to reach every trafficking victim, including by strengthening detection, investigating cases, and prosecuting the criminals involved. More action is also needed to identify, assist, and support survivors. 

This can be achieved through consolidated work of all sectors of society – from healthcare, to social services to law enforcement, she said.

“The general public can help too, by reporting suspicious activities and services that may exploit trafficking victims, while the voice of civil society is crucial in raising awareness, as well as mobilizing and providing support to those in need,” the UNODC chief added.

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Parliament to evaluate new Bulgarian commissioner candidate Iliana Ivanova

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Iliana Ivanova
Iliana Ivanova

The European Parliament’s industry and culture committees will hold a hearing with Iliana Ivanova, who is the Bulgarian commissioner-designate. Ivanova might become the new Bulgarian commissioner in charge of innovation, research, culture, education, and youth, replacing Mariya Gabriel who stepped down in May 2023 to take up a post in the new Bulgarian government. Ivanova served as an MEP from 2009 to 2012 and has been a member of the European Court of Auditors since 2013. The hearing in Parliament is organized jointly by the industry, research and energy committee and the culture and education committee. It will be held on 5 September, with a vote scheduled during the plenary session on 11-14 September.

The Procedure in Parliament

Whenever a member of the European Commission needs to be replaced or there is a significant reassignment of portfolios, Parliament invites the candidates for the new jobs to hearings so that MEPs can evaluate them. The procedure is similar to the one for the election of the Commission at the start of each term. First, the legal affairs committee examines a candidate’s declaration of financial interests to confirm the absence of conflicts of interests. This is a precondition for holding a hearing with the candidate.

The hearing is then organized by the committees dealing with the portfolio of each candidate. Before it starts, the candidate needs to answer some questions in writing. The hearing lasts three hours and is streamed live. After the hearing, the responsible committee or committees prepare an evaluation letter.

The Conference of Committee Chairs, which includes all chairs of parliamentary committees, will then assess the outcome of the hearing and forward its conclusions to the leaders of the political groups and the President of Parliament in the Conference of Presidents, who are responsible for the final evaluation and decision to close the hearings or request further action. Parliament can then proceed to the plenary vote.

Parliament has a consultative role on individual candidates for commissioners, while it can approve or dismiss the European Commission as a whole. An agreement between Parliament and Commission requires the Commission president to consider the opinion of Parliament on individual candidates and changes in the composition of the Commission.

As always, when Parliament votes on individual candidates, voting is by secret ballot and requires a simple majority.

Ivanova’s Nomination

Iliana Ivanova was nominated last week by European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen to replace Mariya Gabriel, who resigned her post in May 2023. Ivanova is a Bulgarian economist who has been a member of the European Court of Auditors since 2013. She has also served as an MEP from 2009 to 2012. Ivanova has been nominated as the next Commissioner-designate from Bulgaria, in charge of innovation, research, culture, education, and youth.

Evaluation of Ivanova

The industry, research, and energy committee and the culture and education committee will evaluate Ivanova’s qualifications for the position of Bulgarian commissioner. The committees will hold a hearing with Ivanova on 5 September, during which she will answer questions in writing and in person. The hearing will last three hours and will be streamed live. After the hearing, the responsible committee or committees will prepare an evaluation letter.

MEPs have called on Ivanova to present concrete proposals for the portfolio she is set to oversee. The committees will evaluate Ivanova’s qualifications based on her experience, knowledge, and vision for the portfolio. The Conference of Committee Chairs will then assess the outcome of the hearing and forward its conclusions to the leaders of the political groups and the President of Parliament in the Conference of Presidents, who are responsible for the final evaluation and decision to close the hearings or request further action.

Conclusion

The European Parliament’s industry and culture committees will hold a hearing with Iliana Ivanova, who is the Bulgarian commissioner-designate. Ivanova might become the new Bulgarian commissioner in charge of innovation, research, culture, education, and youth, replacing Mariya Gabriel who stepped down in May 2023 to take up a post in the new Bulgarian government. The hearing in Parliament is organized jointly by the industry, research and energy committee and the culture and education committee. It will be held on 5 September, with a vote scheduled during the plenary session on 11-14 September. The committees will evaluate Ivanova’s qualifications based on her experience, knowledge, and vision for the portfolio.

Boost Your Immune System, Tips for a Healthy and Active Summer

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human body sculpture

Immune System – The summer is a time when many people spend more time outdoors, enjoying the sunshine and getting active. While it’s a great time to have fun, it’s also important to take the opportunity to improve one’s own immune system before winter arrives. The immune system is the body’s natural defense mechanism against disease and infection, and keeping it strong is essential for good health. With the following tips, you may improve and maintain your immune system, ensuring a healthy and enjoyable summer season, and what is best in advance for the winter.

Get Enough Sleep

Getting enough sleep is crucial for overall health, including immune function. During sleep, the body produces cytokines, which are proteins that help fight infection and inflammation. Lack of sleep can decrease the production of cytokines, making it harder for the body to fight off illness. Aim for at least 7-9 hours of sleep each night to keep your immune system functioning at its best, and if possible, keep decent hours and regular schedule, otherwise the body forgets one has to do its job and when is time to burn energy!

Eat a Healthy Diet

Eating a well-balanced diet is essential for a healthy immune system. Foods that are rich in vitamins A, C, and E, as well as zinc and selenium, can help boost your immune system. Fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, lean protein, and healthy fats are all important components of a healthy diet. Citrus fruits, bell peppers, nuts, and seeds are high in these essential nutrients and can be easily incorporated into meals and snacks. Try making a colorful salad with a variety of fruits and vegetables, or adding nuts and seeds to your morning oatmeal for a nutrient boost.

Stay Hydrated

Staying hydrated (which includes enough salt and potassium) is important for overall health, including immune function. Drinking plenty of water can help flush toxins out of the body and keep the immune system functioning properly. Aim for at least eight glasses of water per day, and avoid sugary drinks which can suppress immune function. If you find plain water boring, you can add slices of cucumber or lemon to your water for extra flavor. You can also enjoy herbal tea or coconut water for a refreshing and hydrating beverage.

Exercise Regularly

Regular exercise can help boost the immune system by increasing circulation, reducing inflammation, and promoting the production of white blood cells. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise most days of the week, such as brisk walking, cycling, or swimming. Exercise can also help reduce stress, which is important for immune function. Take advantage of the warm weather and go for a hike, bike ride, or swim in a nearby lake or river.

Manage Stress

Chronic “stress” can suppress the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight off illness and infection. Finding ways to manage stress, such as relaxing, having your to-do list, studying anything that makes you better, and similar routines, may help keep the immune system functioning properly. You can also try journaling, taking a relaxing bath, or spending time in nature to help reduce stress levels. The more you know about yourself and about life, the more control you have over your life and the less stressed you can get.

Get Outside

Spending time in the great outdoors is a great way to boost your immune system. Sunlight is a natural source of vitamin D, which is essential for immune function. Aim for at least 10-15 minutes of sun exposure per day, but be sure to wear sunscreen to protect your skin from damage. Spending time in nature can also help reduce stress levels and promote mental well-being. Take a stroll in a nearby park, go for a picnic, or spend a day at the beach.

Practice Good Hygiene

Practicing good hygiene is important for preventing the spread of germs and keeping your immune system functioning properly. Wash your hands regularly with soap and water, and avoid touching your face. Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, and stay home if you’re feeling unwell. Carry hand sanitizer with you when you’re out and about, and make sure to clean frequently-touched surfaces, such as doorknobs and light switches, regularly.

Consider Supplements

If you’re having trouble getting enough nutrients through your diet, you may want to consider taking supplements. Vitamin C, vitamin D, and zinc are all important for immune function and can be taken in supplement form. However, it’s important to talk to your healthcare provider before starting any new supplements. They can help you determine the right dosage and ensure that the supplements won’t interact with any medications you’re currently taking.

By following these tips, you can drastically improve your immune system this summer. Keep in mind that a healthy immune system requires a holistic approach, including a healthy diet, regular exercise, and stress management. By taking care of your immune system, you can enjoy all the fun activities that summer has to offer without worrying about getting sick. So get outside, stay hydrated, and take care of yourself this summer!

We all love this vegetable, but it unlocks depression

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Food can be poison and medicine – this maxim applies in full force to a favorite vegetable that can cause depression. It is not surprising that nutritionists and gastroenterologists often recommend eating a varied diet, not getting carried away with certain foods. Iranian scientists from Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, however, concluded that certain types of “unhealthy plant foods” seriously increase the risk of developing depression. Potatoes have the worst effect on the human psyche. An article about this was published in the journal PLOS One. The aim of the scientists was to understand how food affects the emotional state and psyche of a person. The team developed a system of indices that describe different patterns of plant-based nutrition: general, healthy and unhealthy.

Potatoes unlock depression

The experiment included more than two thousand healthy people over the age of 18. For a year and a half, they filled in food diaries, after which these data were analyzed by scientists, taking into account gender, age, unhealthy habits, social status of a person and his material well-being.

The researchers then calculated the average intake of each plant product, the energy and nutrients a person gets after including it in their diet. Study participants were tested on the Iranian version of the Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), which measures symptoms of mental disorders.

As a result, signs of depression and anxiety have been found in those who often eat potatoes, refined cereals and their desserts (bars, halva, etc.), drink fruit juices and fruit drinks with a high sugar content. Experts emphasize that this type of diet is characteristic of the young group of respondents. Opposite results were found in people who regularly ate whole grains, nuts, legumes, included vegetable oils, various fruits and vegetables. They have proven to be psychologically more stable. In this group, mostly elderly people participated – apparently they approach their diet more carefully.

The article notes that these results are related to the high glycemic index of potatoes and refined grains. At the same time, the content of nutrients in them sometimes tends to zero. This combination does not affect the gut microbiota very well and causes various inflammations that can also harm mental health.

Photo by Pixabay: https://www.pexels.com/photo/baked-potatoes-with-rosemary-garnish-162763/

Apple Vision Pro: Redefining Innovation in Display Technology

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Apple Vision Pro
Screenshot from Apple website

Welcome to the future of display technology with Apple Vision Pro – the game-changing innovation that’s set to redefine the viewing experience like never before. This technology showcases a combination of OLED and Micro-LED displays that promise to revolutionize the way you see things on screens. So, what makes Apple Vision Pro unique? Well, for one, it features enhanced picture quality that brings every detail to life with vivid colours and crystal-clear clarity. Moreover, it has an astonishing energy efficiency that delivers unparalleled performance with minimal power usage. On top of that, it boasts of exceptional durability and lifespan that guarantees long-lasting usage. Last but not least, it is fully compatible with other Apple products, giving you an unmatched integrated experience across your devices. Get ready to have your mind blown as we dive deeper into the inner workings of Apple Vision Pro and uncover its potential to transform the way we see the world.

The Technology behind Apple Vision Pro

Apple Vision Pro uses advanced display technology to provide users with an unparalleled viewing experience. The technology behind the Apple Vision Pro display includes OLED and Micro-LED. OLED is a cutting-edge display technology that provides exceptional image quality by producing deeper blacks and brighter colours. Apple Vision Pro takes OLED technology to the next level, providing even more vivid and lifelike colours than ever before. Micro-LED is another advanced display technology that offers a higher level of brightness, improved contrast, and greater energy efficiency than traditional LED displays.

This innovative technology allows for a much smaller pixel size, resulting in a more detailed and realistic image. By combining these two advanced display technologies, Apple Vision Pro achieves an unrivaled level of display quality that is truly revolutionary in the market. Whether you’re watching your favorite movie or playing the latest video game, Apple Vision Pro will blow you away with its unmatched clarity, color, and detail. With Apple Vision Pro, you can expect nothing but the best in terms of display technology. Its innovative OLED and Micro-LED technologies are changing the game and redefining what you can expect from a display.

Features and Benefits of Apple Vision Pro

Apple Vision Pro offers a range of features and benefits that sets it apart from its competitors. Firstly, its enhanced picture quality is unparalleled with its deep blacks and bright colors. You will be lost in the vivid and lifelike images produced by the device. Secondly, its energy efficiency is remarkable, using less energy while maintaining overall performance, hence reducing usage cost. This feature saves money and helps to protect the environment. Thirdly, Apple Vision Pro is known for its durability and long lifespan. The Micro-LED display technology provides longer-lasting performance and is resistant to water damages. Expect a device that can stand the test of time.

Lastly, Apple Vision Pro is compatible with other Apple products. You are guaranteed a seamless experience while using other Apple devices, including Macs, iPads, iPhones, and more. From film enthusiasts to graphic designers, and business professionals, Apple Vision Pro is an exceptional tool that caters to all your display needs. Overall, Apple Vision Pro has redefined innovation in display technology with its impressive features. With the device, you will benefit from an enhanced picture quality, energy efficiency, durability and lifespan, and compatibility with other Apple products. Get more than what you bargained for with a device that meets the display needs of modern-day life.

Comparing Apple Vision Pro with Competitors

Comparing Apple Vision Pro with Competitors: Apple Vision Pro is not the only display technology available in the market. There are other display technologies like LCD displays and QLED displays that have been in the market for quite some time now. However, when compared to Apple Vision Pro, they lack some significant features. LCD displays have been the most common display technology for many years now. But when it comes to picture quality, they don’t stand a chance against Apple Vision Pro. LCD displays are notorious for their poor color contrasts, black levels, and viewing angles.

Apple Vision Pro uses OLED and Micro-LED technology that enhances the picture quality and gives a more immersive viewing experience. QLED displays offer better brightness levels and color reproduction than LCD displays, but they still cannot match the vivid and striking colors provided by Apple Vision Pro. Besides, QLED displays have a shorter lifespan than OLED and Micro-LED displays, making them less durable in the long run. In conclusion, Apple Vision Pro sets itself apart from its competitors with its innovative display technology, enhanced picture quality, energy efficiency, and longevity. While other display technologies have been in the market for years, Apple Vision Pro aims to revolutionize display technology and redefine innovation in the industry.

Real-world Applications of Apple Vision Pro

Real-world Applications of Apple Vision Pro: Apple Vision Pro’s enhanced picture quality and energy efficiency make it an ideal candidate for various industries. Let’s have a look at how it will redefine innovation in display technology across different sectors. The Entertainment industry will benefit immensely from Apple Vision Pro’s enhanced picture quality. High-quality display screens will enhance the viewing experience of TV shows, movies, and gaming. Apple TV already has a strong presence in the entertainment sector, and Apple Vision Pro will make it even more dominant. Apple Vision Pro’s high energy efficiency is also beneficial to the Healthcare industry. Hospitals and clinics have large display screens that run throughout the day, and energy efficiency is a crucial factor while considering display screens. Besides, Apple Vision Pro’s enhanced picture quality will facilitate accurate diagnosis and treatment processes. The Automotive industry will also be keen on leveraging Apple Vision Pro’s durability and lifespan. Car manufacturers can integrate display screens into cars’ dashboards, infotainment systems, and rear-view mirrors. The enhanced picture quality will assist drivers while navigating through difficult terrains, thus making driving safer. In summary, Apple Vision Pro is a groundbreaking technology that has practical applications across various sectors of the economy. Its enhanced picture quality, energy efficiency, durability, and lifespan make it a revolutionary piece of display technology.

User experience with Apple Vision Pro

User experience with Apple Vision Pro: Using Apple Vision Pro is a breeze. The interface is smooth, intuitive, and easy to navigate. Customization is the name of the game, with a variety of settings and options to tailor the display to your liking. Whether you want to adjust the color balance, brightness, or contrast, the options are there for you. Personalization is also key, allowing you to create profiles for each user, so their display preferences are automatically loaded. Moreover, with the compatibility of other Apple products, the experience is seamless. Watching a movie on your Apple TV or using your MacBook Pro is effortless, as the display automatically adjusts to the content. This level of customization and personalization makes using Apple Vision Pro an experience that is hard to beat.

Conclusion

After delving deep into the world of Apple Vision Pro, it’s clear that this technology is disrupting display technology with its OLED and Micro-LED features. Enhanced picture quality, energy efficiency, durability, and compatibility with other Apple products make it an excellent choice. Comparing Apple Vision Pro with competitors like LCD displays and QLED displays shows that it outperforms them in many aspects.

In the real-world, Apple Vision Pro has wide applications in industries like entertainment, healthcare, and automotive. Users have reported an exceptional experience with it, thanks to its ease of use, customizability, and personalization. Overall, Apple Vision Pro is the future of the display technology industry, and it’s here to stay. Its advanced features, cutting-edge technology, and excellent user experience make it the top choice for anyone looking for a better and more interactive display experience.