By Nathan Morley

Even though Emmanuel Macron has promised to host another donor’s conference to support Lebanon, he has made any bailout conditional on a government that implements reforms by the end of October.

He wants to know the true extent of Lebanese debt, the state of the banks and a review of the entire economy.

The central bank is now a key focus of French scrutiny.

On top of that, the French president wants an end to corruption and a new era of transparency in the country, which is wracked by debt, unemployment and economic stagnation.

Macron’s presence in Beirut this week was viewed by some as a sign that a financial package they had been pleading for was on the cards.

During his visit, Macron toured Beirut’s port to follow up on the work at the site after huge explosions last month destroyed thousands of buildings, leaving 300,000 people without a roof over their head.

Current estimates of damage from the port explosion in early have risen to over 3billion USD. In a new report, the World Bank stated that transport and housing are among the sectors worst affected.

Meanwhile, contamination from hazardous chemicals and water pollution, are among the most urgent challenges faced by the Lebanese authorities and UN teams tackling the huge task of clearing up Beirut.

The UNDP estimate that the cost of cleaning up the environmental degradation resulting from the explosion will be over $100 million.

By Devin Watkins

“Science and faith can come to see one another as sisters carrying out a fundamental service for the whole of society.”

Cardinal Pietro Parolin, the Vatican Secretary of State, made that remark on Wednesday in his speech at the opening of Euroscience Open Forum 2020. The biennial event, which is being held in the Italian city of Trieste, unites Europe’s leading scientists, researchers, entrepreneurs, and policy makers to debate the direction of scientific research.

In his address, Cardinal Parolin expressed the Church’s dedication to advancing the dignity and development of the human person in dialogue with the sciences. He said the interchange between the two is fundamental for confronting the “urgent questions that threaten the peaceful coexistence of humanity.”

Humanity, he added, risks “remaining adrift, without a goal in sight,” if it neglects the “profundity of reality offered by science” and the “deep human yearning for something greater.”

Cardinal Parolin went on to explore humanity’s relationship with the environment, technology, and itself.

Environment and survival

The Cardinal spoke first about our relationship with the environment. He lamented humanity’s impact on the planet which has led to the extinction of numerous species, as well as the unequal distribution of scientific advancements which better human life. Everyone, he stressed, must assume responsibility for our common home in order to survive.

Science alone, said Cardinal Parolin, cannot resolve the ecological problem facing humanity. Rather, the Church seeks to help humanity recognize the contribution that faith can make by integrating scientific approaches into an overarching vision known as integral ecology. “Faith wants to be responsible for the care of our common home, listening to science and contributing, through its own ways of knowing, to the development of integral responses to this complex problem.”

Integral ecology, said the Cardinal, is best expressed with a phrase from Pope Francis’ encyclical Laudato Si’: “Everything is related; everything is linked together; everything is connected.”

The dialogue between faith and science seeks to “to discover the common root of phenomena that, viewed separately, cannot truly be understood.”

In this way, said Cardinal Parolin, integral ecology requires scientific research to combine both the “rational understanding of reality” and the “desires and longings of the human heart”.

“The Church is close to all those who want to acknowledge the complexity of reality by seeking solutions that do not sever human and social problems from the ecological question.”

Technology and ethics

Cardinal Parolin then addressed the topic of humanity’s relationship with technology.

He said many technologies are advancing at such breakneck speed as to leave little time for deeper ethical considerations. “The question that we must face together is this: ‘Given everything that we are technically able to do, what is it ethically right to do?’”

The way knowledge is communicated, said the Cardinal, is also undergoing unprecedented changes, due to digitalization and globalization.

He said the Church is concerned about the effects these trends have on young people, who are fed a constant media diet that “modifies the brain structure of the digital native.”

“Science and faith must be allied in caring for the younger generations, ensuring that they receive an education that can enable them to live full and authentic human lives amidst the challenges posed by new digital languages that can modify human thought processing, as well as culture.”

Cardinal Parolin made reference to the spread of disinformation which occurred at the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic.

“Any professional who speaks about this pandemic should spend a lot of time thinking about how words and data matter, and then act accordingly,” he urged.

Interpersonal relationships

Cardinal Parolin concluded his speech with a reflection on humanity’s relationship with itself.

“How can the human family acquire the collective and individual wisdom to accept this responsibility and exercise the technological and scientific power presently at our disposal?” he asked Europe’s scientific leaders.

In this time of crisis, he said, the Church can help humanity deal with the elements of life that cause the current sense of “great anxiety.”

“The loss of hope and of interest in the immediate and more distant future stems from a loss of our sense of what it is to be human,” said the Cardinal. “Only if we become aware that we have lost this perspective will we be able to come up with an answer.”

Rebuilding community, he added, is the key to finding the answer, because interpersonal relationships keep the individual from becoming isolated and lonely.

Progress vs development

Another part of the answer lies in making the distinction between progress and development.

Progress, said Cardinal Parolin, “indicates a gradual advance or change resulting in greater growth in capacity and potential.”

Not all forms of progress are good, he pointed out.

However, integral human development “ focuses on broader processes that expand the choices of individuals and improve their prospects for well-being, thus enabling individuals and groups to achieve their potential as quickly as possible.”

Keeping humanity’s focus on development, said the Cardinal, looks beyond technological advancements and places the human person “at the heart of our reflection and as the goal of what can qualify as progress.”

Sustainable peace

Finally, Cardinal Parolin urged scientists and policy makers to never tire in seeking the betterment of humanity.

“The quest for integral human development extends beyond the limited scope of economic, social, technological and scientific progress – important as these are. It requires an authentic and untiring search for that which is truly constructive of the common good of humanity, which is an indispensable source and a continued companion of a real, lasting and sustainable peace among peoples and for future generations.”

Paul Samasumo – Vatican City & Hermínio José – Maputo

The Catholic Bishop of the northern province’s Cabo Delgado city of Pemba, Luiz Fernando Lisboa has spoken about his meeting with the Mozambican head of state, Filipe Nyusi. Bishop Lisboa said the President of the Republic praised the role of the Catholic Church and other social actors in responding to the humanitarian crisis affecting thousands of Internally Displaced Persons in the Province. The humanitarian situation is the result of terrorist attacks that started in October 2017.

A satisfactory encounter

Bishop Lisboa said that he, in turn, told the President what the Catholic Church has been doing in concrete terms since the terrorist attacks in the region began. Apart from the physical humanitarian work, the Church in the Diocese of Pemba also engages in Psycho-social care, Bishop Lisboa said.

Mozambican media reported first on the meeting after President Nyusi made public the face to face encounter on his Facebook page

The meeting, held at the Bishop’s Pemba residence, lasted about an hour, according to local media. Both Bishop Lisboa and President Nyusi seemed to have come away satisfied with the discussion.

“Our Bishop”

The reversal in tone was not lost on observers. Barely two weeks ago pro-government media took turns in condemning Bishop Lisboa for speaking out about the problems in Cabo Delgado. Pro-government media, in Mozambique, accused the Bishop of Pemba of inciting hatred against the Government and even said e was colluding with the terrorists. Bishop Lisboa has frequently criticised Government saying they could do more to protect the people from the terrorists and that government could be more transparent in its efforts to dislodge the insurgents.

After Monday’s cordial meeting between the President and Bishop, Nyusi spoke of Bishop Lisboa in endearing terms and referred to him as “our Bishop.” Nyusi told reporters, in Pemba, that dialogue was always preferable irrespective of differing viewpoints.

The unrest in Cabo Delgado

Since 2017, the northern province of Mozambique has been rocked by deadly attacks perpetrated by armed groups who claim affiliation to the Islamic State. Their operations are increasingly becoming sophisticated and a source of anxiety also for Mozambique’s neighbours, especially Tanzania. The Cabo Delgado attacks have resulted in many deaths, conscription of young people and the displacement of thousands of ordinary villagers as a climate of fear reigns in the region.

Even before the discovery of rich gas reserves and the terrorist attacks, Cabo Delgado was already festering with discontent due to high levels of poverty and marginalisation by the central Government.

A humanitarian crisis getting out of hand

According to reliefweb, about 211 485 people are now estimated to be Internally Displaced in Cabo Delgado. The majority of Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) are children, followed by women. Food, shelter, and non-food items are the most-needed assistance for IDPs. While there are settlements and accommodation centres, the majority of IDPs are being hosted by families and relatives.

In August, the strategic port town of Mocimboa da Praia fell into the hands of insurgents. The military is still trying to re-take the city.