Fethullah Gülen, a prominent Turkish cleric and advocate for interfaith dialogue and education, passed away on October 21, 2024, in a Pennsylvania hospital at the age of 86. Known for his emphasis on peace, tolerance, and service to humanity, Gülen dedicated his life to fostering dialogue among religions and promoting moderate interpretations of Islam. His death brings to a close a remarkable chapter in both Turkish history and global Islamic thought.

Gülen’s legacy is shaped by his efforts to encourage altruism, education, and interfaith understanding. He founded the Gülen movement, or “Hizmet” (meaning “service” in Turkish), which built a global network of schools, universities, and charitable organizations that promoted these values. The movement emphasized that education and ethical leadership are essential to a peaceful, just society. Gülen’s teachings resonated with millions, not only in Turkey but across the world, as his message reached diverse communities through the network of schools and initiatives.

Despite his peaceful ideology, Gülen became a highly polarizing figure in Turkey. Once aligned with President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, their relationship soured in 2013, and Gülen was later accused of orchestrating the failed coup attempt of 2016, charges he denied until his death. This led to his movement being attacked by the Turkish government, and many of his followers faced heavy persecution, hunting and kidnappings. Turkish representatives have also interefere with political affairs of other countries demanding that followers of Hizmet would not deliver public peaceful statements at Parliaments and official places. However, Gülen remained a staunch proponent of non-violence, consistently advocating for dialogue and mutual respect to resolve differences.

Throughout his life, Gülen was recognized for his commitment to peace, having received awards for his efforts in fostering harmony between different cultures and faiths. His outreach extended to institutions such as the Vatican and Jewish organizations, showcasing his dedication to bridging divides between communities often in conflict. His moderate stance on Islam, coupled with his focus on science, education, and civic responsibility, made him a revered figure among his followers.

Gülen’s passing leaves behind a complex legacy, marked by both admiration for his peaceful contributions and the controversies that shadowed his later years. Nevertheless, he will be remembered by many as a spiritual leader who sought to create a more compassionate, educated, and harmonious world.

A movement of Service

The Gülen movement, also known as Hizmet (meaning “service” in Turkish), stands out as a global initiative that focuses on education, interfaith dialogue, and social service. At its core, the movement seeks to promote values of tolerance, peace, and cooperation across various cultures and religious communities. Founded by Fethullah Gülen, the movement expanded rapidly, particularly through the establishment of schools and educational institutions across Turkey and in over 100 countries worldwide.

Focus on Education and Altruism

One of the most positive aspects of the Gülen movement is its emphasis on education. Gülen viewed education as a means to transform society for the better, advocating for schools that integrate academic excellence with moral values. The schools affiliated with the movement, known for their focus on science, technology, and mathematics, have provided quality education to students from diverse backgrounds, regardless of nationality or religion. This educational initiative is driven by the belief that well-rounded, educated individuals contribute positively to the peace and progress of society.

The movement’s schools not only focus on academic learning but also emphasize character building, with an ethical dimension that encourages students to become compassionate, socially responsible individuals. These schools often promote interfaith understanding and multiculturalism, making them influential in conflict-prone areas by fostering mutual respect and dialogue among different communities.

Promoting Interfaith Dialogue

A central pillar of Gülen’s teachings is his dedication to interfaith dialogue. He consistently encouraged open discussions between different religious traditions, including Islam, Christianity, and Judaism. Gülen himself initiated dialogue with global religious leaders, including the Vatican and Jewish organizations, with the aim of creating understanding and collaboration across religious divides. His efforts were particularly significant in a time when many regions of the world were grappling with religious conflict.

This commitment to dialogue is reflected in various conferences and forums organized by the movement, where people from different faiths come together to discuss issues of common interest such as peace, justice, and mutual coexistence. Through these initiatives, the movement has helped to break down stereotypes and foster a spirit of cooperation, which has been praised by scholars and leaders worldwide.

Social Services and Philanthropy

Beyond education and dialogue, the Gülen movement has made significant contributions in the realm of social services. Various philanthropic activities supported by the movement include disaster relief, healthcare, and assistance to underprivileged communities. The movement’s charitable organizations, both in Turkey and globally, have been at the forefront of humanitarian efforts, helping those affected by natural disasters and economic hardships. Their work has ranged from providing scholarships to disadvantaged students to offering medical aid in countries facing crises.

This altruistic element of the movement aligns with Gülen’s belief in serving humanity and addressing the practical needs of society through compassion and generosity. It has helped thousands of people improve their living conditions and access opportunities for personal development, which otherwise might not have been available to them.

Advocacy for Peaceful Coexistence

The Gülen movement is built on the idea that differences in religion, culture, and ideology should not be sources of conflict but rather opportunities for understanding and collaboration. This ethos has led the movement to advocate for peaceful coexistence, especially in conflict-prone regions where tensions between ethnic and religious groups often escalate into violence. By promoting dialogue and mutual respect, the movement seeks to create environments where diverse groups can live together peacefully.

The movement has often been lauded in international circles for its efforts to counter extremism. Its schools and institutions serve as models of moderation, where students are encouraged to think critically and embrace values of tolerance. This stance has made the movement an influential voice in promoting a balanced interpretation of Islam that aligns with modern, democratic values.

Overall, the Gülen movement’s contributions to education, interfaith dialogue, social service, and the promotion of peace have left a lasting impact on both Turkey and the global community. Despite facing significant political challenges and opposition, particularly in Turkey, the movement’s positive initiatives have garnered respect worldwide for their commitment to fostering understanding and bettering society through peaceful means. Fethullah Gülen’s vision of an educated, compassionate, and tolerant society continues to inspire many even after his passing.